Rail shipping cost per ton mile - The number of ton-miles per gallon of fuel by barge is 514 miles, by train 202 miles and, by truck 59 miles. Barge traffic does not add to the noise pollution or congestion that is common with other modes. It is the safest type of transportation to move chemicals and toxic materials. Compare the Costs. The cost per ton-mile for a barge is only ...

 
To estimate your rail freight rates, you have to take various factors into account. These include: For a rail freight trip from China to Europe, you’re looking at between US $8000 – $9000 for a 40ft container. In comparison, shipping a 20ft container via ocean freight from China to Northern Europe will cost you only US $1,500. So if time is .... Best antique stores in pittsburgh

Dec 25, 2017 · Carrying Boston bound containers via Newark (3,300 nautical miles @ $2,600) and a railway journey of 240 miles ($600) would cost $3,200 per container. Switching containers at Halifax ($2,300 ... May 1, 2001 · When the shipping cost and hauling time was similar, the probability of choosing a truck was 77%. ... For road the external cost is 1.11 USD cent per ton-mile, for rail 0.24-25 USD cents per ton ... ton-mile in the US: 1 ton-mile * ( 0.907185 t / short ton) * ( 1.609344 km / mile ) = 1.460 tkm; Usage. The metric units (pkm and tkm) are used internationally. (In aviation where United States customary units are widely used, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) releases its statistics in the metric units.)Feb 10, 2023 · To estimate your rail freight rates, you have to take various factors into account. These include: For a rail freight trip from China to Europe, you’re looking at between US $8000 – $9000 for a 40ft container. In comparison, shipping a 20ft container via ocean freight from China to Northern Europe will cost you only US $1,500. So if time is ... Civil Engineering. Civil Engineering questions and answers. 30,000 lb/day of a perishable milk product is shipped daily from the dairy to Wholesaler A, 300 miles distant. 10,000 lb/day is shipped to Wholesaler B, 100 miles away in another direction. There are road and rail connections to both. The manufacturer (dairy) contracts out the shipping. C) I and III only. D) I and II only. A) I, II and III. Which of the following statements is true? A) Road transport is the least flexible of all the modes. B) Air cargo should be used for fast service over short distances. C) Railways are best at moving small volumes of bulky goods over short distances. D) All of the above are true. E) None of ... Rail freight quote – break of costs. There are various factors for the calculation of rail freight costs. Here is a list with every included matter of expense: Rail terminal costs. At the rail terminal, there are also costs that have to be considered and covered. As soon as the train has arrived, the container and goods have to be unloaded. Combining rail and truck transportation using a transload facility gives you the cost-saving benefits of multimodal shipping. When comparing costs per ton mile by truck and rail, rail has the potential to cut costs in half. This means minimizing transportation by truck can dramatically reduce costs.C) I and III only. D) I and II only. A) I, II and III. Which of the following statements is true? A) Road transport is the least flexible of all the modes. B) Air cargo should be used for fast service over short distances. C) Railways are best at moving small volumes of bulky goods over short distances. D) All of the above are true. E) None of ... Jul 8, 2020 · The Freight Rail Network. Running on almost 140,000 route miles, the U.S. freight rail network is widely considered the largest, safest, and most cost-efficient freight system in the world. [1] The nearly $80-billion freight rail industry is operated by seven Class I railroads [2] (railroads with operating revenues of $490 million or more) [3 ... Bulk trucking is priced based on the ton-mile. This price is based on the weight and distance of the shipment. For example, if you ship 24 tons of a commodity 100 miles it would be 2,400 ton-miles. If the rate is $0.30 per ton-mile the transportation cost would be $720. The ton-mile differs depending on the commodity and equipment needed but is ...This would put the air cost at 14/20=$0.70 per ton-mile, and the cost of shipping the 80 kg person equivalent from NY to Paris at $320 one way, much more in line with typical airfares. ReplyDelete Replies Reply freight guruApril 13, 2013 at 12:21 AMThe average going rates for trucking per mile are: Average van rates: Between $2.30 and $2.86 per mile on average. Reefer truck rates: $3.19 per mile on average. Flatbed truck rates: $3.14 per mile on average. Many things influence trucking freight rates.Jul 8, 2020 · The Freight Rail Network. Running on almost 140,000 route miles, the U.S. freight rail network is widely considered the largest, safest, and most cost-efficient freight system in the world. [1] The nearly $80-billion freight rail industry is operated by seven Class I railroads [2] (railroads with operating revenues of $490 million or more) [3 ... Jul 7, 2021 · The calculator takes into account our spot transport rates by truck in Europe. To give you the best price, our algorithms are based on multiple factors such as: Our carrier network coverage in the area of the selected route. Distance between the pick-up and delivery address. What is the average freight cost per mile? Here are the current rates for the most popular freight truck types: Overall average van rates vary from $2.30 – 2.86 per mile. Reefer rates are averaging $3.19 per mile, with the lowest rates being the Northeast at $2.47 per mile. Average flatbed rates average at $3.14 per mile.Shipping goods over a longer distance requires more time (capital costs) and fuel (operating costs). Thus, R² = 0.0174 0 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 2 4 6 8 10 12 Transport cost per ton (ln) Nautival miles Figure 3.3. The “no-relationship” between distance and maritime transport costsfreight haulers, nor shippers, nor consumers. The unpriced external costs of transporting freight by truck (per ton-mile) are around eight times higher than by rail; those costs net of existing taxes represent about 20 percent of the cost of truck transport and about 11 percent of the cost of rail transport.The Freight Rail Network. Running on almost 140,000 route miles, the U.S. freight rail network is widely considered the largest, safest, and most cost-efficient freight system in the world. [1] The nearly $80-billion freight rail industry is operated by seven Class I railroads [2] (railroads with operating revenues of $490 million or more) [3 ...transportation costs per ton-mile than rail shipping for grain destined for export at central Gulf ports. Previous studies have examined the competitiveness between barge and rail service, focusing on the effect the availability of waterway shipping has on rates and market structure in the rail industry. The data tables are based on primary data that EIA collects from plant owners and operators on Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and on supplement data and analysis of coal transportation costs that we released in June 2011 and November 2012. The initial report on coal transportation rates covered 2001 through 2008, applied only to ...Apr 20, 2020 · By comparison, the differential in cost between the two modes is $ 0.105 per ton-mile. Reducing truck transit and choosing the optimal rail transload facility will help to maximize cost-savings through rail. Comparing Truck vs Rail Shipping: Example Revenue Per Freight Ton-Mile, Class I Railroads for United States. Cents per Ton-Mile, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Jan 1920 to Apr 1956 (2012-08-16) Cents per Ton-Mile, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Jul 1907 to Dec 1925 (2012-08-16) Revenue Per Freight Ton-Mile, Class I Railroads for United States. Cents per Ton-Mile, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Jan 1920 to Apr 1956 (2012-08-16) Cents per Ton-Mile, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Jul 1907 to Dec 1925 (2012-08-16)Rail freight quote – break of costs. There are various factors for the calculation of rail freight costs. Here is a list with every included matter of expense: Rail terminal costs. At the rail terminal, there are also costs that have to be considered and covered. As soon as the train has arrived, the container and goods have to be unloaded. Air cargo – 1.177 kg CO2e per Tonne-Mile; Truck – 0.213 kg CO2e per Tonne-Mile; Train – 0.022 kg CO2e per Tonne-Mile; Sea freight – 0.0418 kg CO2e per Tonne-Mile (Source: EPA Emissions Factors for Greenhouse Gases Inventories 2022) Conversions. 1 Renewable Energy Certificate = 1 Megawatt Hour (MWh) = 1,000 Kilowatt Hours (KWh)Oct 8, 2019 · US intermodal rail regains pricing edge against trucking Ari Ashe, Senior Editor | Oct 08, 2019 3:52PM EDT Despite weak intermodal volume in the third quarter, there is a glimmer of hope for rail shippers as a sequential bump in truckload spot rates have provided additional cost savings. Value Tons Ton-miles Percent Truck (private and for-hire) Parcel, postal and courier Water Air (including truck and air) Rail (includes truck and rail) Pipeline Other and unknown b) 0 50 100 150 200 250 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Index: 1980=100 Intercity truck Class I rail Water Oil pipeline Figure 1. Dividing the cost by the ton-mileage figures we get the cost per ton-mile, as shown in the last column. We can use the total figures at the bottom of the table, dividing the total ton-mileage of 6.200 into the total cost, £46 8s. lid., obtaining an average figure of 1.8d. per ton-mile. Too Much Clerical Labour.For Canadian service, the trans-Pacific voyage to Vancouver ($2,500 to $4,500) would be followed by a 2,800-mile railway journey to Toronto ($7,500) with comparable cost to Montreal, for an ...C) I and III only. D) I and II only. A) I, II and III. Which of the following statements is true? A) Road transport is the least flexible of all the modes. B) Air cargo should be used for fast service over short distances. C) Railways are best at moving small volumes of bulky goods over short distances. D) All of the above are true. E) None of ... Rail vs Truck Cost Variance. An intermodal transportation strategy can help reduce cost variances. Unlike trucking, capacity and pricing stay relatively flat with rail. Capacity constraints for truckload can mean 35-40% price variation during peak seasons, but with rail, the variance is only 10-15%.Jul 18, 2019 · Most importantly, logistics and distribution companies need to focus on cost efficiency. $ Cost per ton-mile for shipped products is a KPI which may greatly influence the shipping fee for the client on the one hand, and the profitability of the company on the other. For these reasons, low as possible $ Costs per ton-mile should be a top ... Revenue Per Freight Ton-Mile, Class I Railroads for United States. Cents per Ton-Mile, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Jan 1920 to Apr 1956 (2012-08-16) Cents per Ton-Mile, Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Jul 1907 to Dec 1925 (2012-08-16)Canadian National Railway's average fuel cost 2013-2021; ... U.S. average freight revenue per ton-mile in Class I rail traffic from 1990 to 2020 (in current U.S. dollar cents) [Graph], US ...Jul 8, 2020 · The Freight Rail Network. Running on almost 140,000 route miles, the U.S. freight rail network is widely considered the largest, safest, and most cost-efficient freight system in the world. [1] The nearly $80-billion freight rail industry is operated by seven Class I railroads [2] (railroads with operating revenues of $490 million or more) [3 ... Published Rates. Locate pricing for any product from grain to coal or from lumber to steel -- as well as information on national tariffs, demurrage and storage charges, fuel surcharges and finance charges. Transit, Routing and Speed Tools.Rail works well for longer journeys and is less expensive than trucking. The point of cost neutrality between rail and trucking is around 130 to 150 miles. Safer transport with an excellent safety record. It helps ease road congestion and lower emissions. Trains burn less fuel per ton-mile than trucks. Drawbacks to rail include:Freight cost savings per ton-mile (1% * $0.034 = $0.0003 per ton-mile) is applied to all existing background ton-miles Shipping Cost Savings Œ New rail users Due to market competiveness between the rail and trucking industry, the total cost savings per mile of the rail industry will improve the competitiveness of rail compared to truck. transportation costs per ton-mile than rail shipping for grain destined for export at central Gulf ports. Previous studies have examined the competitiveness between barge and rail service, focusing on the effect the availability of waterway shipping has on rates and market structure in the rail industry. Dividing the cost by the ton-mileage figures we get the cost per ton-mile, as shown in the last column. We can use the total figures at the bottom of the table, dividing the total ton-mileage of 6.200 into the total cost, £46 8s. lid., obtaining an average figure of 1.8d. per ton-mile. Too Much Clerical Labour.Rail freight rates should be inclusive of ton-miles or vice versa ton-kilometer hauled per unit of energy consumed, this arithmetic easily translates to rail transportation being much efficient as opposed to numerous other transportation means.Rail freight Canada is not as flexible as highway shipping thus forcing the partnering of rail and ... The number of ton-miles per gallon of fuel by barge is 514 miles, by train 202 miles and, by truck 59 miles. Barge traffic does not add to the noise pollution or congestion that is common with other modes. It is the safest type of transportation to move chemicals and toxic materials. Compare the Costs. The cost per ton-mile for a barge is only ...of Transportation estimates that BTUs extended on per-ton mile total 433 for water transport and 696 for rail transport. However, Greene and Fan (1995)6 found rail and barge efficiencies to be much closer with the BTUs per-ton mile being 344, and 398 respectively. Davis (1999) found rail to be more energy effi- By comparison, the differential in cost between the two modes is $ 0.105 per ton-mile. ...Locate pricing for any product from grain to coal or from lumber to steel -- as well as information on national tariffs, demurrage and storage charges, fuel surcharges and finance charges. Transit, Routing and Speed Tools.rail also benefit rail customers. The affordability of freight rail saves rail customers (and, ultimately, American consumers) billions of dollars each year and enhances the global competitiveness of U.S. products. Average rail rates (measured by inflation-adjusted revenue per ton-mile) are 40% lower since 1980, meaning the average rail shipper can Rail costs assume loading 567 barrels of 956 kg/m3 at 15ºC (12API) undiluted bitumen into 25,330 US gallon tank cars with a track weight limitation of 268,000 gross weight on rail (GWoR). Rail rates are calculated using the American Association of Railways published 2015 cents per ton-mile average rail rates for all services all types of ...Updated Freight Ton-Mile Estimates Technical Summary. Wednesday, July 26, 2017. The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) has revised the methodology for calculating freight ton‐miles across modes. 1 The objective is to make more comprehensive estimates by using the estimates of total freight ton‐miles and pipeline ton‐miles from the ...Aug 23, 2023 · Canadian National Railway's average fuel cost 2013-2021; ... U.S. average freight revenue per ton-mile in Class I rail traffic from 1990 to 2020 (in current U.S. dollar cents) [Graph], US ... average number of ton-miles p1·oduced per gallon of diesel fuel or per Btu by the sev­ eral modes of transport is a proper indication of theix relative efficiency is absurd. The number of ton-miles per gallon of fuel obtained by a given transport mode de­ pends on so many variables that any generalization is bound to be misleading. This is Rail, Another Option. Another mode of transport which is also considered an eco-friendly option is rail. Trains burn less fuel per ton mile than road vehicles and can have as many 100 wagons for storage, requiring only one driver. There are some additional costs which are incurred in a rail journey which must be considered. cents per ton-mile in 2004, compared to 3.3 cents for the second smallest shipment size (6–49 cars). Rates grew 40 percent (1–5 cars) and 7 percent (6–49 cars) to 4.4 and 3.5 cents per ton-mile in 2011, respectively. Rates for both sizes fluctuated from 1994 until about 2004, at which point rates for both sizes began to rise.To estimate your rail freight rates, you have to take various factors into account. These include: For a rail freight trip from China to Europe, you’re looking at between US $8000 – $9000 for a 40ft container. In comparison, shipping a 20ft container via ocean freight from China to Northern Europe will cost you only US $1,500. So if time is ...found rail and barge efficiencies to be much closer with the BTUs per-ton mile being 344, and 398 respectively. Davis (1999) found rail to be more energy effi-cient, with rail and barge BTUs being 368 and 412 (Figure 1).7 Future technological improvements in efficiency are affected by the level of competition within the transportation industry.Freightfinders transport calculator - Your advantages: Receive the same prices as with the forwarding companies themselves. Full Service: customs, loading, load restraint, insurance, packaging. Freightfinders.com will help you compare forwarding agencies and find the most favourable transport prices.Rail works well for longer journeys and is less expensive than trucking. The point of cost neutrality between rail and trucking is around 130 to 150 miles. Safer transport with an excellent safety record. It helps ease road congestion and lower emissions. Trains burn less fuel per ton-mile than trucks. Drawbacks to rail include:Updated Freight Ton-Mile Estimates Technical Summary. Wednesday, July 26, 2017. The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) has revised the methodology for calculating freight ton‐miles across modes. 1 The objective is to make more comprehensive estimates by using the estimates of total freight ton‐miles and pipeline ton‐miles from the ...The study shows that, based on the annualized cost methodology, the transport cost per ton-mile via freight pipeline is cost competitive with truck, rail, and TOFC for four of the five configurations within the Philadelphia-Chicago transportation corridor if the annual tonnage is high. For the fifth configuration, truck is clearly a less ... For Canadian service, the trans-Pacific voyage to Vancouver ($2,500 to $4,500) would be followed by a 2,800-mile railway journey to Toronto ($7,500) with comparable cost to Montreal, for an ...TON = divide lading weight by 2000 Rate = $65 per ton Minimum weight in a boxcar not exceeding 52'8" inside measurement = 140,000 lbs Minimum charge = $65 x 70 = $4,550 Assume the total lading weight is 148,300 pounds. The CWT charge would be: The TON charge would be: You can look at various public rates published by the BNSF on their web site.Not only is the container sector booming, but liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) shipping rates have just hit their highest point in a half-decade. On Monday, the Baltic Exchange assessed rates for very large gas carriers [VLGCs, LPG carriers with capacity of around 84,000 cubic meters] at $103,000 per day. That’s up from lows of under $20,000 per ...ton-mile in the US: 1 ton-mile * ( 0.907185 t / short ton) * ( 1.609344 km / mile ) = 1.460 tkm; Usage. The metric units (pkm and tkm) are used internationally. (In aviation where United States customary units are widely used, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) releases its statistics in the metric units.)Download scientific diagram | Cost per ton-mile by mode of transportation 30 from publication: New Technology and Automation in Freight Transport and Handling Systems New Technology and Automation ... The average shipment by truck was 63 miles compared to an average of 640 miles by rail. Hazardous materials shipments by hazard class Flammable liquids are the predominant hazardous materials transported in the United States, accounting for 81.8 percent by value, 83.1 percent by weight, and 70.5 percent of the ton-miles of all hazardous ...The average shipment by truck was 63 miles compared to an average of 640 miles by rail. Hazardous materials shipments by hazard class Flammable liquids are the predominant hazardous materials transported in the United States, accounting for 81.8 percent by value, 83.1 percent by weight, and 70.5 percent of the ton-miles of all hazardous ... The Freight Rail Network. Running on almost 140,000 route miles, the U.S. freight rail network is widely considered the largest, safest, and most cost-efficient freight system in the world. [1] The nearly $80-billion freight rail industry is operated by seven Class I railroads [2] (railroads with operating revenues of $490 million or more) [3 ...Download scientific diagram | Cost per ton-mile by mode of transportation 30 from publication: New Technology and Automation in Freight Transport and Handling Systems New Technology and Automation ... The data tables are based on primary data that EIA collects from plant owners and operators on Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and on supplement data and analysis of coal transportation costs that we released in June 2011 and November 2012. The initial report on coal transportation rates covered 2001 through 2008, applied only to ...By comparison, the differential in cost between the two modes is $ 0.105 per ton-mile. ...The same study referenced above showed that external costs per ton-mile amounted to about $2.62 – $5.86 for road transport compared to only $0.3 – $0.82 for rail transport. These external costs include but are not limited to pavement and rail repairs, traffic congestions, accident risk, traffic congestions and emissions. FlexibilityBy comparison, the differential in cost between the two modes is $ 0.105 per ton-mile. ...This is the accessible text file for GAO report number GAO-11-134 entitled 'Surface Freight Transportation: A Comparison of the Costs of Road, Rail, and Waterways Freight ShipmentI Have No Clue About The Coin Per Mile But With A Short Line Railroad This Would Be There Rate: Around $150.00 For Carload Switch Service. Around $750 For Train Connection With A Railroad Such As Union Pacific Or Canadian National And More. A Railroad Such As Canadian National Railroad Would Rate You For Switch Movement And Road Train Movement:In 2021, Class I railroads generated 1. 534 trillion ton-miles of traffic or an average of 4.20 billion ton-miles per day. Based on the reasonable assumption that a typic al long-haul truck carries approximately 18 tons of freight and transport s that freight 500 miles daily, a truck generates approximately 9,000 ton -miles daily. The study shows that, based on the annualized cost methodology, the transport cost per ton-mile via freight pipeline is cost competitive with truck, rail, and TOFC for four of the five configurations within the Philadelphia-Chicago transportation corridor if the annual tonnage is high. For the fifth configuration, truck is clearly a less ... Shipping goods over a longer distance requires more time (capital costs) and fuel (operating costs). Thus, R² = 0.0174 0 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 2 4 6 8 10 12 Transport cost per ton (ln) Nautival miles Figure 3.3. The “no-relationship” between distance and maritime transport costs TON = divide lading weight by 2000 Rate = $65 per ton Minimum weight in a boxcar not exceeding 52'8" inside measurement = 140,000 lbs Minimum charge = $65 x 70 = $4,550 Assume the total lading weight is 148,300 pounds. The CWT charge would be: The TON charge would be: You can look at various public rates published by the BNSF on their web site.

The average going rates for trucking per mile are: Average van rates: Between $2.30 and $2.86 per mile on average. Reefer truck rates: $3.19 per mile on average. Flatbed truck rates: $3.14 per mile on average. Many things influence trucking freight rates. . Thompson tire and retread inc

rail shipping cost per ton mile

A) The objective of distribution management is to provide the required level of service at least. cost. B) There will be cost trade-off between the various activities in physical distribution. C) Distribution can operate separately from marketing and production. D) A and B are true. Feb 10, 2011 · For example, a short line that has 2 propane receivers at station A receiving in shipper-provided tankcars from the same origin, four grain shippers one each at stations A, B, C, and D shipping in single-car 100-ton covered hoppers provided by the Class 1, and a lumber receiver at station C receiving in 78' centerbeams provided by the Class 1 ... Aug 28, 2023 · The vast majority of the remaining 96% of Amtrak’s more than 21,400-mile system consists of tracks owned and maintained by freight railroads. More than 70% of the miles traveled by Amtrak trains are on tracks owned by other railroads. Freight rail accounts for around 40% of long-distance ton-miles — more than any other mode of transportation. Apr 9, 2021 · This would put the air cost at 14/20=$0.70 per ton-mile, and the cost of shipping the 80 kg person equivalent from NY to Paris at $320 one way, much more in line with typical airfares. ReplyDelete Replies Reply freight guruApril 13, 2013 at 12:21 AM – A weight-distance tax on average costs per ton-mile, from accidents, pavement damage, traffic congestion plus a fuel tax on NOx, PM, CO 2 emissions – Trucking tax rates: 2.3¢ per ton-mile, $1.50 per gallon – Rail tax rates: 0.3¢ per ton-mile, $1.50 per gallon A distance tax (vehicle miles traveled, or VMT, tax) plus a fuel taxApr 9, 2021 · This would put the air cost at 14/20=$0.70 per ton-mile, and the cost of shipping the 80 kg person equivalent from NY to Paris at $320 one way, much more in line with typical airfares. ReplyDelete Replies Reply freight guruApril 13, 2013 at 12:21 AM Civil Engineering. Civil Engineering questions and answers. 30,000 lb/day of a perishable milk product is shipped daily from the dairy to Wholesaler A, 300 miles distant. 10,000 lb/day is shipped to Wholesaler B, 100 miles away in another direction. There are road and rail connections to both. The manufacturer (dairy) contracts out the shipping. Jun 5, 2023 · The RCR is a price index that measures changes in the price level of inputs to railroad operations: labor, fuel, materials and supplies, and other operating expenses. The RCR, which has been produced in its current form since 1977, is published quarterly in the AAR Railroad Cost Indexes. This publication contains both quarterly and annual ... For Canadian service, the trans-Pacific voyage to Vancouver ($2,500 to $4,500) would be followed by a 2,800-mile railway journey to Toronto ($7,500) with comparable cost to Montreal, for an ...RAIL CARS OR 70 TRACTOR TRAILERS VS. OR 144 TANKER TRUCKS 5.4– 42.3 CENTS PER TON MILE FOR HIGHWAY FREIGHT 2.5–3 CENTS PER TON MILE FOR RAIL VS. VS. In 2014, the average rush-hour commuter spent about 42 HOURS IN TRAFFIC, wasting aweek's worth of fuel and contributing to at least $160 BILLION of the nation's delay and fuel cost, according ...Aug 23, 2023 · Canadian National Railway's average fuel cost 2013-2021; ... U.S. average freight revenue per ton-mile in Class I rail traffic from 1990 to 2020 (in current U.S. dollar cents) [Graph], US ... ton-mile in the US: 1 ton-mile * ( 0.907185 t / short ton) * ( 1.609344 km / mile ) = 1.460 tkm; Usage. The metric units (pkm and tkm) are used internationally. (In aviation where United States customary units are widely used, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) releases its statistics in the metric units.).

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